D1.274 - Anaphylaxis Risks in Beekeeping: The Importance of Developing a Health Education Program

Beekeeping is essential for maintaining ecological balance and supporting economic activities, but it also poses health risks such as anaphylaxis, a potentially life-threatening condition that requires immediate medical attention. Proper education on recognizing symptoms, responding effectively, and using adrenaline auto-injectors correctly is essential for improving beekeepers' safety. This study aimed to assess the need for education on anaphylaxis and develop a preventive health education program for beekeepers in Slovenia.

A qualitative descriptive-interpretative approach was employed, involving two focus groups: one comprising 8 healthcare professionals specializing in allergy and clinical immunology, and another with 6 active beekeepers. Data were analyzed using content analysis with QDA Miner® software. Additionally, the Delphi method was employed to review and refine expert statements concerning the program's content, with a total of 13 experts in allergy and clinical immunology contributing to the process.

The analysis identified five thematic areas: (1) managing anaphylaxis; (2) preventing anaphylaxis; (3) approaches to health education; (4) systemic approaches to prevention; and (5) use of adrenaline auto-injectors. The results of the focus groups emphasize the need for better strategies to manage anaphylaxis, improve prevention, and develop targeted educational programs for beekeepers. The results of the Delphi method indicate that there is statistically significant agreement among experts (p < 0.001), although the level of agreement regarding the educational content is relatively low. The results of the Kendall W test for clarity (0.172), relevance (0.200), and importance (0.297) indicate that experts' opinions on key elements are partially aligned, but assessments vary considerably among them.

The results showed that the development and implementation of a preventive educational program, focusing on recognizing symptoms and responding appropriately to anaphylaxis, is crucial for improving the safety of beekeepers. Although expert opinions on key elements of the program are partially aligned, there are differences that highlight the need for further collaboration and improvements to ensure the program's effectiveness and relevance.