D2.18 - Identification of Potential Allergens in Lobularia maritima: A Case Study
Background
Plant pollen is a well-established trigger of allergic rhinitis, but less common species can also play a significant role in sensitization. Lobularia maritima, a popular ornamental plant, remains underexplored in terms of its allergenic potential. This study investigates its role in exacerbating allergic rhinitis symptoms in a sensitized individual.
Method
A 25-year-old male presented with allergic rhinitis symptoms that worsened in gardens, particularly near Lobularia maritima. To evaluate the plant's allergenic properties, protein extracts from its flowers were obtained through PBS extraction, centrifugation, filtration, dialysis, and lyophilization. SDS-PAGE was employed to separate protein profiles, and IgE Western blot analysis was conducted using the patient’s serum to identify allergenic proteins. Specific IgE levels were measured via immunoassays to confirm sensitization
Results
Skin prick testing (SPT) demonstrated sensitization to grass and weed pollens, while birch and olive pollens elicited no response. Testing with Lobularia maritima extract revealed a significant reaction (10 x 8 mm wheal). SDS-PAGE analysis identified distinct protein bands, while Western blot pinpointed two IgE-reactive proteins at approximately 30 kDa and 43 kDa. The strong IgE binding observed suggests these proteins may be allergens. Literature and database reviews revealed no prior allergenic characterization of Lobularia maritima, making these findings novel.
Conclusion
This study identifies Lobularia maritima as a potential novel source of allergens in allergic rhinitis. Two proteins (30 kDa and 43 kDa) were implicated as potential allergens, marking the first reported evidence of their allergenic properties. Further research, including cross-reactivity and proteomic studies, is needed to understand the broader implications of sensitization to this plant. Recognizing uncommon allergenic sources like Lobularia maritima is essential for accurate diagnosis and personalized management of allergic rhinitis.
