D2.25 - The spectrum of sensitization in atopic dermatitis in patients living in the Far East of Russia

Taking into account the climatic peculiarities of the Russian Far East, in particular Primorsky Krai, the peculiarities of Far Eastern cuisine and food behavior of its inhabitants, the spectrum of causative allergens affecting the course of atopic dermatitis (AD) may differ significantly from other regions. The aim of the study was to investigate the structure of sensitization of AD patients in the Primorsky Krai of the Russian

The results of allergy diagnostic of 13541 patients with AD by determination of sIgE ImmunoCAP levels to extracts of the following allergens were analyzed: D.pteronyssinus, cat dander, dog dander, cow's milk, egg white, wheat, soybeans.

In the total sample, the results of female individuals were 6.126 / 13541 (45%) and male individuals were 7.415 / 13541 (55%). The median age was 10.00 [7.00-22.00]. Sensitization to both food and respiratory allergens was determined. It appeared that in the studied cohort of patients the occurrence of sensitization to respiratory indoor allergens exceeded the occurrence of sensitization to the studied food allergens: D. pteronyssinus - 3.774 / 13541 (28%), cat dander - 2.584 / 13541 (19%), dog dander - 2.284 / 13541 (17%), whereas cow's milk - 1.759 / 13541 (13%), egg white - 1.288 / 13541 (9.5%), wheat - 1.162 / 13541 (8.6%), soybeans - 690 / 13541 (5.1%).

Moreover, sensitization to various allergens is significantly more frequent in male patients with ATD (p<0.05). This is characteristic of all the mentioned allergen groups, except for soy, which may be due to a small sample of individuals. When comparing sIgE levels depending on gender, no significant differences were found, except for the level of sIgE to cat hair (Table).

Sensitization to food allergens-milk, egg white, and wheat-was significantly more frequent in childhood (up to and including 17 years of age, p<0.05), as was sensitization to cat allergen. The median sIgE levels to D. pteronyssinus, cat dander, cow's milk and (figure) decreased significantly with age.

Sensitization to respiratory allergens is more common in AD in patients living in the Russian Far East

2.         The majority of patients sensitized to at least one allergen were male. While sIgE levels to different allergens were independent of gender, except for cat dander, where statistically significant sex differences were noted (p<0.05). 

3.         The most pronounced sensitization to cat allergens, cow's milk, egg white and wheat was observed in childhood (up to 17 years of age inclusive).