D2.27 - Interregional differences in molecular profiles of sensitization to respiratory allergens in the Russian population

According to literature data, the most relevant respiratory allergens for the Russian population are allergens of birch pollen (Bet v 1) and cat dander (Fel d 1).

Primorsky Krai is climatically different from other regions of Russia and Europe, which may influence the spectrum of clinically significant allergens. The aim of the study was to investigate the structure of sensitizing inhalant allergens in patients with allergic diseases and to identify differences from Siberian and European Russia.

The results of 1113 ImmunoCAP ISAC allergy tests in patients with suspected atopy from different regions of Russia were analyzed. All results, depending on the city in which the blood was collected, were divided into three groups - Europe, Siberia, Primorsky Krai.

In all patients sIgE concentrations to inhalant allergens, such as allergic components of pollen of cereal and weed grasses, trees, animal dander, mold, cockroaches, house dust mites (HDM), were determined.

We found significant differences in the frequency of occurrence and concentration of sIgE to most respiratory allergens in patients with atopy living in the Primorsky Krai of the Russian Far East

The group of allergens HDM Der f 1, Der f 2, Der p 1 and Der p 2 was of particular interest. The frequency of sensitization to these allergens was 17.91%, 26.87%, 18% and 25.37%, respectively. While in the European and Siberian parts of Russia these figures did not exceed 5%.

Despite the presence in the diet of the Primorsky Krai population of a large number of seafood products sharing allergens with HDM, sensitization to HDM tropomyosin did not differ from other regions of Russia.

The asymptotic significance (2-sided criterion) for Phl p 1 – 0.000, Phl p 2 – 0.037, Phl p 4 – 0.001, Phl p 5 – 0.048, Bet v 1 – 0.000, Blo t 5 – 0.001, Der f 1 – 0.000, Der f 2 – 0.000, Der p 1 – 0.000, Der p 2 – 0.000.

The frequency of sensitization to Der f 1, Der f 2, Der p 1, Der p 2 and Blo t 5 in patients with atopy living in Primorsky Krai is significantly higher than in the European and Siberian parts of Russia.

2.         For allergens Phl p 1, Phl p 2, Phl p 4, Phl p 5 (timothy) and Bet v 1 (birch), a statistically lower incidence of sensitization was found compared with data from the European and Siberian parts of the country.

3 Despite the wide consumption of seafood in Primorsky Krai, the level of sensitization to tropomyosin does not differ from that of other Russian regions.

The obtained data can be taken into account in the development of regional recommendations on the diagnosis and treatment of allergic disease.