D2.28 - Interregional differences in the prevalence of sensitization to food allergens in different regions of Russia

Primorsky Krai is both climatically and culturally different from other regions of Russia and Europe, which may influence the spectrum of clinically significant allergens for the population. The aim of the study was to investigate the structure of sensitizing food allergens in patients with allergic diseases and to identify differences in the sensitization spectrum of Primorsky Krai from Siberian and European Russia.

The results of 1113 ImmunoCAP ISAC allergy tests in patients with suspected atopy from different regions of Russia were analyzed. All results, depending on the city in which the blood was collected, were divided into three groups - Europe, Siberia, Primorsky Krai.

The sIgE concentrations to food allergens of animal and plant origin were determined in all patients. The results of the analysis show that for the following allergens statistically significant differences were found in the comparison groups (p < 0.05): Gal d 1, Ara h 1, Gly m 6, Ani s 1, Bos d 6, Pru p 3, Cor a 1.0401, Mal d 1, Pru p 1, Gly m 4, Ara h 8, Act d 8, Api g 1. For the remaining food allergens, no statistically significant differences were found between the comparison regions (p > 0.05).

Interestingly, the frequency and level of sensitization to all the above allergens  in Primorsky Krai were lower than in the Siberian and European regions of Russia. The exception was Ani s 1 anisakid tropomyosin. This may indicate the peculiarity of the population contact with parasite tropomyosin with fish and shellfish eating. Despite the widespread consumption of seafood in Primorsky Krai, the level of sensitization to tropomyosin of shellfish does not differ from the indicators of other Russian regions.

The asymptotic significance (2-sided criterion) for Gal d 1 was 0.016, Ara h 1 - 0.002, Gly m 6 - 0.042, Ani s 1 - 0.000, Pri p 3 - 0.038, PR-10 protein group - 0.000.

Sensitization to Gal d 1, Ara h 1, Gly m 6, Bos d 6, Pru p 3, Cor a 1.0401, Mal d 1, Pru p 1, Gly m 4, Ara h 8, Act d 8, Api g 1 in the study group in Primorsky Krai  is significantly lower than in the European and Siberian parts of Russia.

2.         The level of sensitization to tropomyosin of shellfish in Primorsky Krai does not differ from the indicators of other Russian regions.

3.         For the allergen Anisakis simplex (Ani s 1), a statistically significant high incidence of sensitization was found in Primorsky Krai in comparison with Siberian and European regions.