D3.296 - Urticaria activity, quality of life and disease control in chronic spontaneous urticaria patients in Kazakhstan

Chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU), a skin disease caused by mast cell activation, is characterized by recurrent urticaria, angioedema, or both, for more than 6 weeks. Standard validated questionnaires have been developed to assess disease activity and impact in quality of life in CSU. This study employs these questionnaires to assess the impact of CSU in Kazakhstan.

71 patients with CSU were assessed at the JSC Scientific Research Institute of Cardiology and Internal Diseases from January to May 2024.  The activity of urticaria, quality of life and disease control was assessed in patients with CSU in Kazakhstan using the urticaria control test (UCT), the urticaria activity assessment scale (UAS7) and the questionnaire assessing quality of life of patients with dermatological diseases (DQLI).

The UCT, UAS7 and DLQI scores showed significant severity of CSU with comparable results were obtained across gender and age. Among 71 subjects assessed the mean UCT was 9.2 +/-0.9; mean UAS7 - 12.1+/-2.9 and mean DQLI -7.9 +/-1.8; The mean age was 42.9 +/-3.5 years; mean duration of disease was 5.0 +/- 1.9 years. Maximum UCT(11.9 +/-2.0) was in 50-59 year old group; maximum UAS 7  (17.9 +/-7.2) and DQLI (10.6 +/-4.8) was in 40-49 year old group. Male (23.9%) versus female (76.1%) showed Mean UCT at 8.5 +/- 1.9 versus 9.4 +/- 1.2 ; Mean UAS7  13.2 +/-6.6 versus 11.8 +/-3.2; and Mean DQLI 6.5+/-2.9 versus 8.4 +/-2.2.

69% of CSU patients based on UCT were uncontrolled. The UAS7 showed 31% of CSU patients had well-controlled urticaria, 19% had mild severity, 29% had moderate severity, and 20% had severe urticaria. The DLQI showed that 84% of CSU patients had a moderate effect on quality of life. This study demonstrates the serious impact of CSU on patients in Kazakhstan.