D2.425 - Prevalence of Latex Sensitization Among Nursing Staff in Intensive Care Units at the Hospital Universitario Austral: Comparative Analysis and Associated Factors
Background
Latex allergy represents a significant occupational health challenge, particularly for healthcare workers frequently exposed to products containing this material. A previous study by Docena et al. (1999) reported a sensitization rate of 17.3% among healthcare workers in Argentina. However, no additional evaluations of this population have been conducted since then, leaving a significant gap in updated knowledge.
This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of latex sensitization among nursing staff at HUA, and the relationship with associated risk factors.
Method
An observational cross-sectional study was conducted, involving 140 nursing professionals from the intensive care units (ICUs) at HUA. Data collected included work areas (adult ICU, pediatric ICU), weekly working hours, and years of professional experience. This data was obtained through structured interviews and questionnaires. Chi-square tests were employed to assess associations between categorical variables, and odds ratios (OR) were calculated to quantify the strength and direction of these relationships.
Results
Prevalence: Latex sensitization was observed in 6.43% of participants (p=0.04; OR=1.8).
Occupational Factors: No significant associations were found with work areas (p=0.997; OR=0.9), weekly working hours (p=0.926; OR=1.1), or years of professional experience (p=0.874; OR=1.0).
Conclusion
The prevalence of latex sensitization at HUA of 6.43% reflects a significant decrease compared to the 17.3% reported by Docena et al. in 1999. Contrary to expectations, no differences were found regarding work areas or working hours.
We interpret these positive findings as a result of the latex avoidance policies implemented by HUA, such as the use of powder-free latex gloves, nitrile gloves, and latex-free areas for patient care and sensitive staff.
These results underscore the importance of maintaining and reinforcing preventive measures, including continuous training, regular monitoring of high-risk areas, and the use of latex-free materials.
