D1.426 - Cellular immunity profile in patients with urolithiasis in the presence of post-Covid syndrome

Hospital mortality of patients with urolithiasis (UCD) in Ukraine significantly increased in 2020 (p=0.009), 2021 (p=0.044) and 2022 (p=0.036). This may be related to the effects of COVID-19 and the development of post-COVID syndrome (PCS). The purpose of the work was to determine the indicators of cellular immunity in patients with UCD and symptoms of PCS.

42 patients with UCD and PCS (term ≥6≤10 months) (Group 1), 25 patients with UCD before the COVID-19 epidemic (Group 2) and 60 healthy volunteers of the control group (Group 3) were assessed. Evaluation included the  SIRI (Systemic Inflammatory Response Index, marker based on the composition ratio of peripheral neutrophil, monocyte, and lymphocyte counts), NLR (neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio) and CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, NK-CD16+ and CD22+ - cells using mAb.

In patients of Group 1, a significant increase in SIRI was found compared to the controls - 12.0 [8.4; 14.1] versus 7.7 [7.2; 8.5] (p=0.020), a decrease in the relative level of lymphocytes (p=0.023) and an increase in CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, CD22+ and NK-CD16+ cells compared to patients of Group 2 and with the controls (p≤0.001). Patients of Group 1 had a correlation between the absolute number of NK-CD16+ cells and SIRI (Ro=-0.329, p=0.05). The NLR indicator did not change (р=0.634). The features of patients from Group 2 included a normal relative level of NK-CD16+ cells (p≥0.05) and a decrease in relative level of CD8+ lymphocytes (p≤0.001).

Patients with UCD who have had COVID-19 and have PCS for 6-10 months are characterized by an increase in the relative level of CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, CD22+ and NK-CD16+ cells in peripheral blood against the background of a high systemic inflammatory response according to the SIRI index.  Post Covid Syndrome leads to marked increase in inflammatory indices in urolithiasis patients.