D2.98 - Features of the course of the antenatal and neonatal period of children with bronchial asthma

Factors related to the mother's health, pregnancy and childbirth characteristics have a significant impact on the child's health at an early age.     

The development and course of bronchial asthma (BA) are associated with risk factors of the perinatal period.

The assessment of the antenatal and neonatal period of children with bronchial asthma was analyzed.Materials:To solve the tasks set in the 

examination included 983 children aged 1 to 18 years, diagnosed with asthma of varying severity

When analyzing prenatal factors, we took into account the following criteria: the course of pregnancy in the mothers of the examined children, and the obstetric and gynecological history of the mothers. Preeclampsia in mothers of children with moderate BA was observed in 5.1±1.1%, with moderate BA with AR - in 8.4±1.4%, with severe BA - in 6.4±1.7% of observations (χ2=20.183;p=0.000). The odds ratio (OR) of developing BA in children depending on the preeclampsia factor in the mother was OR=3.2 (95% CI: 1.1-9.1; p<0.05). The proportion of deliveries by cesarean section was 3.2±0.6% (n=31). Depending on the severity of BA in children, the proportion of operative deliveries in mothers with moderate asthma was 4.0±1.0%, moderate with AR - 3.3±0.9%, severe asthma - 1.5±0.8% (χ2=4.273; p=0.370). A history of birth asphyxia in children with BA was noted in 11.5±1.0% of cases. With a severe course - in 11.8±2.3%, with a moderate course with concomitant allergic rhinitis (AR) - in 14.8±1.8% (χ2=13.293; p=0.001). The odds ratio of developing BA in children depending on the factor of birth asphyxia was OR=4.7 (95% CI: 1.5-14.4; p<0.05). In severe cases – 6.4±1.7%, in moderate cases with AR – 14.5±1.8% (χ2=18.254; p=0.001). The odds ratio for the development of BA in children depending on the birth injury factor was OR=5.1 (95% CI: 1.4-18.1; p<0.05). The presence of neonatal intrauterine infections was found in 8.0±0.9% of children with BA. Accordingly, in patients with severe course - in 6.4±1.7%, with moderate course with AR - in 10.4±1.5% (χ2=32.578; p=0.000). The frequency of occurrence of perinatal CNS lesions in the general group of patients with BA was 5.8±7.0%, with severe - 8.4±1.9%, with moderate asthma with AR - 4.8±1.1% (χ2=8.661; p=0.070).

The results of the study showed that various pathologies of pregnancy are more often diagnosed in mothers of children with moderate course with AR and severe course, does not occur in the group of children with mild persistent course of the disease.